The common symptoms are: bleeding, prolapse, pain, discharge, itching and hampered anal hygiene.

Often it is not found correlation between the presence of hemorrhoids and the clinical symptoms ( 6, 8). When they become symptomatic you may occur secondary symptoms: pain, pruritus and mucus loss. Physiologically hemorrhoids are anal cushions that can become symptomatic through prolapse and bleeding. The hemorrhoidal disease affects the general population between 4.4% and 36.4% ( 6, 7). Constipation and bowel habits with straining are associated with the hemorrhoidal disease ( 4, 5). A third theory suggests an increased arterial flow to the vascular plexus ( 3). Another hypothesis is that the disease is caused by a weakening of the collagen support in the anal canal where the submucosal collagen fibrils degenerates with sliding mucosa during defecation or physical activity as a result ( 2). A morphological and functional failure of a sphincter mechanism coordinating the filling and drainage of the anorectal vascular cushions may be the cause ( 1). Some believe that it is primarily a disease of the veins in line with the varicose veins in the esophagus. In the literature, there are several theories describing the causes of the hemorrhoidal disease. Received: 08 September 2016 Accepted: 12 October 2016 Published: 09 November 2016. Keywords: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy hemorrhoids anal canal diseases coloproctology gastrointestinal surgery One year follow-up or longer 11% of patients had remaining or recurrent prolapse, the reintervention rate is about 10%. Bowel habits should have returned to a normal pattern without urgency. After this surgical procedure, the need to manually reduce prolapse will have been cured in approximately 90% of patients and the overall preoperative symptoms will be much reduced in the great majority. In lithotomy position and spinal anesthesia and after taking all aseptic precautions, the procedure of stapled hemorrhoidectomy was performed according to Longo’s technique. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is performed for grade III and IV, for grade II in case of major bleeding. The grading system described by Goligher, is the most commonly used and is based on objective findings and patient history. His aim was not excision of the hemorrhoidal tissue but rather restoring anatomical and physiological aspects of the hemorrhoidal plexus. His technique presented a new notion for treating hemorrhoids as he proposed circumferential rectal mucosectomy that results in mucosal lifting (anopexy). In 1998, Longo proposed a procedure for hemorrhoidectomy with minimal postoperative pain, no perianal wound requiring postoperative wound care and a relatively short operative time.

Open hemorrhoidectomy, as described by Milligan, has been accepted worldwide as the best choice for treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids. Apparently severe looking hemorrhoids can cause relatively few symptoms.

There is no correlation between specific symptoms and anatomic grading.

Policy of Dealing with Allegations of Research MisconductĪbstract: Haemorrhoidal disease affect between 4.4% and 36.4% of the general population.

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Stapled hemorrhoidectomy recovery time